Igeja liwuhlobo lwethuluzi lezolimo lomhlabathi olinywayo. Iqukethe i-blade esindayo ekugcineni kwesigxobo, ngokuvamile eboshwe eqenjini lemfuyo noma izimoto ezidonsayo. Iphinde iqhutshwe ngamandla omuntu. Isetshenziselwa ukuphula izingqimba zomhlabathi kanye nemigodi yegeja ukulungiselela ukuhlwanyela.
Abalimi baseMesophothamiya naseGibhithe baqala ukuhlola amageja eminyakeni engu-5500 edlule. Amageja okuqala enziwe ngezingxenye zokhuni ezimise okuka-Y, ingxenye yegatsha engezansi yaqoshwa yaba inhloko ecijile, futhi amagatsha amabili angaphezulu enziwa izibambo ezimbili. Bopha igeja entanjeni bese ulidonsa ngenkomo. Ithiphu igawula umsele omncane ongashoni enhlabathini. Abalimi bangakwazi ukushayela igeja ngezandla zabo.
Ngo-3000 BC, igeja lase lithuthukisiwe, okwenza ithiphu ibe "igeja" elingavula kahle inhlabathi, futhi yengeze ipuleti eliphansi elithambekele elingaphushela inhlabathi eceleni.
Igeja laseChina lavela kuLeihe. Ekuqaleni, isengabizwa ngokuthi "LEIYU". Ngemva kokusebenzisa izinkomo ukudonsa uLeibo, kancane kancane yahlukanisa igeja kuLeibo, negama elifanele elithi "igeja". Igeja lavela ku-Shang Dynasty futhi lingatholakala emibhalweni yamathambo e-oracle. Amageja akudala ayengahlanzekile futhi ehlelekile. Amageja ensimbi avela ekupheleni koMbuso WaseZhou WaseNtshonalanga kuya enkathini yasentwasahlobo neNkwindla, futhi izinkomo zazisetshenziselwa ukudonsa amageja. Ezikhathini Zobukhosi Base-Western Han, kwavela igeja eliqondile, elinamageja nezinsimbi kuphela. Ezindaweni lapho izinkomo zishoda khona, “igeja lokunyathela” lisetshenziswa kakhulu. Namuhla, kunezinto ezinyathela igeja ezindaweni zabantu abambalwa eSichuan, eGuizhou nakwezinye izifundazwe. Igeja lokunyathela libuye libizwe ngokuthi "Min" kanye "negeja lezinyawo". Uma isetshenziswa, yinyathele ngezinyawo zakho ukuze uzuze umphumela wokuguqula inhlabathi. Ingoma kanye nekaZhou qufei ethi "ngaphandle kwezintaba. Ukuphendula amasiko endawo egameni labanye":
Igeja limise okwesipuni futhi licishe libe ngamafidi ayisithupha ubude. Ekupheleni kwe-crossbar, ngaphezu konyawo olulodwa, lezi zandla zombili nazo zibanjwe. Phakathi kwamageja, isibambo esifushane sisetshenziswa kwesokunxele, okuyindawo lapho izinyathelo zesifunda esingakwesokunxele. Phakathi kwamageja, isibambo esifushane sisetshenziswa kwesokunxele, futhi indawo lapho izinyathelo zonyawo lwesokunxele nazo ziyizinsuku ezinhlanu zokunyathela igeja kungaba usuku lokulima izinkomo, ezingajulile njengenhlabathi.
Ngezikhathi zeSui kanye neTang Dynasties, ukwakheka kwegeja kwathuthukiswa kakhulu, futhi kwavela igeja le-yuan eligobile. Ngaphandle kwe-armrest yegeja, kukhona nezindonga zegeja, imicibisholo yegeja kanye nezilinganiso zokulima. Ngokusho kuka-Leidan Sutra kaLu guimeng, kunezingxenye ezingu-11 ezenziwe ngokhuni nensimbi, ezikwazi ukulawula nokulungisa ukujula kokulima. Ingamafidi angu-2.3 ubude futhi inkulu kakhulu. Ingadonswa izinkomo ezimbili kuphela. I-Chinese History Museum inomfanekiso wegeja lobukhosi baseTang. Umgomo wawo wamukelwa igeja lebhodi lokubumba eliqondiswe ngomshini. Uma kuqhathaniswa negeja le-yuan eliqondile eNkathini YaseNtshonalanga Han, igeja le-Qu Yuan eNkathini yoBukhosi baseTang andisa ukuhlolwa kwegeja, elingahlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukene zokulima okujulile nokulima okungashoni; Udonga lwegeja lwaba ngcono. Enkathini Yobukhosi Bama-Tang, udonga lwegeja lwaluyindilinga, olwalungaphushela inhlabathi egingqikile eceleni, lunciphise ukumelana nokuya phambili, futhi lugumbuqele ibhulokhi lomhlabathi ukuze kunqunywe ukukhula kokhula.
Igeja elalisetshenziswa eYurophu yasendulo alikashintshi kakhulu kusukela esikhathini sethusi. Umlomo wegeja kuphela ovame ukufaka insimbi esikhundleni sokhuni kusukela ngekhulu leshumi BC. Ngalesi sikhathi, igeja liphakanyiselwa ukuphakama okuthile ngumlimi, okudinga amandla amakhulu. Imisele namagquma okulinyiwe akuqondile futhi akujulile kakhulu, ngakho kufanele kulinywe kabili. Lapho uhlakula iphasi yesibili, yakha i-engeli engakwesokudla nesiqondiso sephasi yokuqala.
EYurophu, kwasetshenziswa uhlobo olusha lwegeja kusukela ngekhulu lokuqala BC. Inesondo elilawula ukujula kokulima, lokho konga umzamo womlimi. Igeja elisha linommese wokulima wokusika inhlabathi kanye nesifanekiso sokuphendula umhlabathi. Imisele ijulile futhi icocekile, okuthatha indawo yendlela yokulima yangaphambilini. Igeja elisha lisinda kunelidala futhi lidinga umzamo omkhulu ukulidonsa, ngakho abalimi balima ngezinkomo. Ukulima amahhashi kwaqala ngekhulu leshumi neleshumi nanye.
Amageja asasetshenziswa ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, kuhlanganise neChina.
Amathuluzi afana namageja abuye abizwe ngokuthi "amakhuba".
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-18-2022